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  Bacterial-interfaced Biosensors

 

 
Microbial biosensors generally offer an attractive alternative to the existing methods of water analysis. One particular advantage of those systems is the ability to measure direct effects on living cells, e.g., their respiratory activity and its alteration caused by environmental pollutants. It is true that microbial sensors, often do not provide the optimum solution for the determination of individual analytes when compared to established physico-chemical analysis methods. However, these biosensing devices are predestined for the summary determination of environmentally relevant compounds and their complex effects, respectively. For this reason, microbial sensors allow an integral evaluation of the degree of environmental pollution including the interaction of various compounds. Moreover, in some cases specific metabolic pathways in microorganisms are used, resulting in the development of microbial sensors for the more selective analysis for those compounds or pollutants, which cannot be measured by simple enzyme reactions, e.g., the determination of aromatic compounds and heavy metals.

Pharmacom has great interest of developing microbiological biosensors on respiratory basis for the measurement of the following environmentally relevant compounds: inorganic N-compounds, heavy metals, organic xenobiotics and the estimation of sum parameters or so-called complex parameters such as BOD, ADOC, N-BOD, and the inhibition of nitrification

We intend to prototype a microbial system for the point-of-care and diagnostics market. The microbial biosensor consists of a transducer in conjunction with immobilized viable or non-viable microbial cells. Non-viable cells obtained after permeabilization or whole cells containing periplasmic enzymes have mostly been used as an economical substitute for enzymes. Viable cells make use of the respiratory and metabolic functions of the cell, the analyte to be monitored being either a substrate or an inhibitor of these processes. Bioluminescence-based microbial biosensors can also be developed using genetically engineered microorganisms constructed by fusing the lux gene with an inducible gene promoter for toxicity and bioavailability testing.

 

 
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