Genomics by itself cannot usually determine even the biochemical, much less the cellular or physiological functions of a protein. Structural biology can determine the shape of the protein but cannot reliably determine its function; the coupling between overall structure and function is a loose one. Given a structure, one cannot determine where on the surface of a protein the likely binding sites for ligands are located and what those ligands are likely to be. Genomewide experiments have many false positives and false negatives and often do not distinguish indirect effects from direct ones. The consequences of the expression of a given gene sequence can only be determined by integrating the results from many different types of experiments, and the best way to carry out this integration is not obvious.